Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) encompass a spectrum of stressful or traumatic events occurring during childhood (under the age of 18), which can profoundly impact an individual's physical, emotional, and social well-being throughout their life.

These experiences often include abuse, neglect, household dysfunction, or other forms of adversity such as witnessing domestic violence, parental separation or substance abuse within the family.

Research indicates that ACEs are strongly linked to a variety of maladaptive outcomes, including increased risk of mental health disorders, chronic health conditions, substance abuse, and even early mortality.

Moreover, ACEs can shape neurological development and affect the body's stress response system, leading to long-lasting effects on cognitive functioning and emotional regulation.

Understanding and addressing ACEs is crucial for promoting resilience and mitigating their lasting impact on individuals and communities.